Evaluating the information

Main Contents Page

Before you start

STEP 1: STARTING out

STEP 2: FINDING

STEP 3: EVALUATE

- Fact vs opinion

- Currency

- Authority

- Intended audience

- Publishing body

- Popular vs academic

- Primary vs secondary sources

- Critical reading

- Eliminate irrelevant information

- Internet

- CARS checklist

- Quiz

STEP 4: Legal and ethical USE

STEP 5: COMMUNICATE

Fact vs opinion

When you evaluate information it is very important to distinguish between fact and opinion.

Fact

A fact is something concrete that can be proven. You can find facts in legal records, scientific findings, encyclopaedias, atlases, etc. In other words, facts are the truth and are accepted as such.

Opinion

An opinion is less concrete. It's a view formed in the mind of a person about a particular issue. In other words it is what someone believes or thinks, and is not necessarily the truth. Also, note in the examples below how facts are the same for everybody, but opinions can differ quite widely.

Here are some examples:

  Fact   Opinion  
  University of Fort Hare is situated in the Eastern Cape.   University of Fort Hare has the most beautiful gardens of all the universities in the Eastern Cape  
Abortion is legal in South Africa I do not agree with abortion,
or
I do agree with abortion.